Different Classification Methods of Hydraulic Gear Pumps

Hydraulic gear pumps are essential components in hydraulic systems, converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by using gears to displace fluid. These pumps are widely used in industrial applications, ranging from mobile machinery to stationary systems, due to their durability, efficiency, and ease of maintenance. When selecting a hydraulic gear pump, understanding the various classification methods can help in choosing the right pump for a specific application. There are several ways to classify hydraulic gear pumps based on design, function, size, and operating characteristics.

One of the common methods of classifying hydraulic gear pumps is based on the type of gears they use. The two main categories are:

External Gear Pumps: In external gear pumps, two gears are used, which rotate in opposite directions. These pumps are typically characterized by their high efficiency, simplicity, and ability to generate higher flow rates. As the gears rotate, they trap fluid between the teeth and the casing, pushing it through the pump to the outlet. Hydraulic gear pump suppliers often recommend external gear pumps for applications that require higher flow rates and relatively low pressures.

Internal Gear Pumps: Unlike external gear pumps, internal gear pumps have one gear inside the other, where the larger gear (the rotor) drives the smaller gear (the idler). The design of internal gear pumps makes them suitable for applications requiring consistent flow with minimal pulsations. Hydraulic gear pump suppliers may suggest these pumps in situations where quieter operation and a more compact design are needed.

Both types are widely used in industries like automotive, aerospace, and construction, but the selection depends on factors like space constraints, desired flow, and pressure requirements.

Hydraulic gear pumps can also be classified according to their function in a hydraulic system. This classification distinguishes between pumps designed to perform specific roles.

Fixed Displacement Pumps: Fixed displacement gear pumps have a constant flow rate that does not change regardless of the system's pressure variations. These pumps are ideal for applications where consistent flow is required. Hydraulic gear pump suppliers typically recommend fixed displacement pumps for simpler systems where flow control is not necessary, such as in basic hydraulic circuits or small machinery.

Variable Displacement Pumps: In contrast to fixed displacement pumps, variable displacement gear pumps can change their flow rate depending on the system's needs. This is accomplished by altering the volume of fluid the pump delivers per cycle. Variable displacement pumps are more versatile and energy-efficient, particularly in systems that require variable speeds or adaptive pressure. These pumps are often found in industrial systems with higher complexity and variable load conditions.

The choice between fixed and variable displacement pumps depends largely on system requirements, including energy efficiency, load variation, and control complexity.

Hydraulic gear pumps can also be classified by how they are mounted in a hydraulic system. This classification is important when considering space constraints and ease of installation.

Flange Mounted Pumps: These pumps are attached to the system using flanges that provide a secure connection. Flange-mounted pumps are typically used in applications requiring high-performance standards, where vibration isolation and reduced leakage are crucial.

Shaft Mounted Pumps: Shaft-mounted pumps are commonly used in smaller, more compact systems. In this design, the pump is mounted directly on the motor shaft. This configuration is popular in mobile machinery and systems with tight space requirements. Hydraulic gear pump suppliers typically recommend shaft-mounted pumps for applications where installation space is at a premium and where direct coupling to a motor is needed.